Ficus Lyrata: complete care and secrets of lush growth

Fiddle Leaf Fig (Ficus lyrata): everything about care and propagation

Fiddle Leaf Fig (lat. Ficus lyrata), also known as Fiddle Leaf Fig or Lyre Fig, is one of the most popular houseplants. Its large, glossy, lyre-shaped leaves and impressive appearance make this plant a true decoration for any interior.

Despite its exotic origin (tropical regions of West Africa), the fiddle leaf fig is relatively undemanding in care, so with the right approach, it will easily thrive in an apartment, office, or private house.

Key care conditions for the fiddle leaf fig

To ensure your fiddle leaf fig looks stunning and develops healthily, pay attention to the following care aspects:

1. Lighting

   • Optimal placement – bright, diffused light or light partial shade.
   • Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight to prevent leaf burns.
   • It is better to place the fig near a window with a curtain or blinds that filter out too bright sunlight.

2. Watering

   • Water the plant only when the top layer of soil dries out by 2–3 cm.
   • Avoid overwatering the soil, as this can cause root rot.
   • In winter, reduce watering, as the plant’s need for water decreases.

3. Humidity

   • The fiddle leaf fig loves high humidity, so it is beneficial to mist the leaves 1–2 times a week.
   • During periods of particularly dry air, you can place a humidifier or a tray with wet pebbles next to the fig.

4. Temperature

   • The best temperature range: from 18°C to 24°C.
   • Avoid drafts and sudden temperature changes, which can stress the plant.

5. Fertilization

   • During spring and summer, it is advisable to apply fertilizers for decorative foliage plants every 2–4 weeks.
   • In the autumn-winter period, reduce the frequency of fertilization or take a break.

6. Soil and repotting

   • Choose a nutrient-rich, well-drained substrate with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction (pH 5.5–7.0).
   • Young figs are repotted annually in spring, while mature ones every 2–3 years or as needed (when the roots completely fill the pot).

7. Pruning and shaping

   • If you want to create a denser crown, you can shorten the tips of the shoots in spring.
   • Remove weak, dry, or damaged branches to stimulate the growth of new shoots.

Table: Main care parameters for the fiddle leaf fig

Propagation of the fiddle leaf fig

You can propagate the fiddle leaf fig in various ways. The most common method is cuttings, but there are other methods as well.

1. Cuttings

   • The best time is spring or summer.
   • Take an apical cutting (10–15 cm) with several leaves.
   • Place it in a moist substrate (perlite, a mixture of peat and sand, etc.).
   • Put it in a warm place with bright but diffused light. Maintain moderate humidity.
   • In about 3–6 weeks, the cutting will root.

2. Seed sowing

   • Less commonly used at home, as it is difficult to find quality seeds.
   • Seeds are sown in a mixture of sand and peat, maintaining stable moisture and a temperature of 25–28°C.
   • Germination can take from 2 to 6 weeks, after which the seedlings are transplanted into small pots.

3. Propagation using aeroponics

   • A rather unconventional method, but it yields good results.
   • The cutting is fixed in a special container where the roots are in moist air with a mist of nutrient solutions.
   • When a sufficient number of roots form, transplant into a pot with substrate.

Pests and diseases

Even with good care, the fiddle leaf fig can be vulnerable to certain pests and diseases.

1. Spider mite

   • Symptoms: appearance of small yellow-brown spots on the leaves, fine webbing.
   • Treatment: increase humidity, treat with insecticides or soapy solution.

2. Mealybug

   • Symptoms: white cottony secretions on the underside of leaves and petioles.
   • Treatment: treat with soapy or alcohol solution, in case of severe infestation – use systemic preparations.

3. Thrips

   • Symptoms: silvery streaks on leaves, small black dots (thrips excretions).
   • Treatment: treat with insecticides, isolate the affected plant from others.

4. Root rot

   • Cause: excessive watering and water stagnation.
   • Prevention: quality drainage, control of soil moisture.
   • Treatment: remove rotten roots, treat with fungicide, repot in new substrate.

Tips for lush growth and beautiful appearance

• Regularly wipe the leaves. The large leaves of the fiddle leaf fig quickly accumulate dust. Wipe them with a damp soft cloth or napkin. This improves photosynthesis and the plant’s appearance.
• Control height. The fig can grow quickly upwards, so if you want a denser crown shape, perform light pruning of the shoots at the top.
• Monitor the condition of the leaves. The leaves are the best indicator of the plant’s health. If they wilt, turn yellow, or become spotted, check the conditions (watering, lighting, humidity) and make adjustments.

FAQ: Questions and Answers

1. How often should I water the fiddle leaf fig?
   Water when the top layer of soil (2–3 cm) dries out. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so always check the moisture of the substrate before watering.

2. Why are the leaves of the fiddle leaf fig turning yellow?
   Leaves can turn yellow for several reasons: overwatering, sudden temperature changes, insufficient lighting, or lack of nutrients. First, check the watering and lighting conditions.

3. Can the fig be placed in direct sunlight?
   A few hours of soft morning or evening sun can be beneficial, but avoid scorching midday rays – the leaves can get burned.

4. What fertilizer should I choose for the fiddle leaf fig?
   Complex liquid fertilizers for decorative foliage plants with a high nitrogen content are suitable. Apply them every 2–4 weeks during the warm season.

5. How to prune the fiddle leaf fig to make it bushier?
   In spring, shorten the tips of the shoots by 2–3 internodes. This stimulates the awakening of lateral buds and branching. Don’t forget to treat the cut surfaces with charcoal or garden wax.

6. Is the fiddle leaf fig safe for children and pets?
   The sap of the fig can be irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. If the plant is damaged, it is better to prevent children or animals from coming into contact with the excretions. In case of sap contact with the skin, rinse with water.

Conclusion

Fiddle leaf fig is a great choice for lovers of beautiful houseplants. It is undemanding, grows quickly, and has an impressive appearance due to its large, glossy leaves. Follow the recommendations for watering, lighting, humidity, and also carry out regular fertilization – and your fiddle leaf fig will surely reward you with a lush and healthy crown.

With proper care and attention, the fiddle leaf fig can become a true highlight of the interior, creating a cozy atmosphere and attracting the attention of guests!

We hope this information helps you succeed in caring for the fiddle leaf fig and grow it lush and healthy!